This is an underpinning module which introduces you to the basic theories, concepts and fundamental principles behind geometrical optics and ophthalmic lens theory. This provides a foundation for the further study of the subject at a higher level and gives you a basic optics and ophthalmic lens knowledge which can be taken forward and begin to be used within a workplace environment. Many topics within the module involve calculations, proofs and derivations which require the understanding and application of the mathematical principles gained from a previous module. The wave nature of light is discussed briefly at the commencement of the module and simple wave properties are studied. The study is then largely restricted to light in the form of rays and beams. Discussion is largely focused on the laws of refraction and reflection of light rays and how they are applied to plane and curved surfaces. The wave nature of light including its properties relating to reflection and refraction are studied as is the effect on light with respect to thin lenses and prisms. A short study of photometry concludes the module. This module is relevant to the work the student will undertake in practice
View the full module definitionThis module is designed for you, as a trainee dispensing optician working in an ophthalmic/optical practice under the supervision of a registered practitioner. The content of the module is constructed to provide a general and yet comprehensive knowledge of the "optics" of the human eye. It consists of various "optical models" that have been proposed to define emmetropia, ametropia and astigmatism. The effect of age on the human eye is discussed along with an overview of the detection and correction of presbyopia. You will explore ways of explaining to the lay person the relevance of ocular conditions and how the vision will or will not be affected by these conditions. Basic understandings of the common ocular conditions and diseases will be sought, during the lectures, with further reading being necessary for the full and meaningful understanding of the topic. The module is designed to give you the basic anatomical and visual optical structure of the eye and adnexa so that you can successfully discuss with a patient the ocular condition and the causes of visual abnormalities. It is designed to allow you to communicate in an effective manner in a real patient scenario. The module will give a base level of understanding of the eye and how it works, in preparation for Part 2 taught in the second year. This module is relevant to the work you will undertake in practice.
View the full module definitionThis is a professional body learning outcome module which covers academic techniques such as: engaging with developments in research, understanding professional and legal responsibilities, understanding key aspects of safe working, how to manage complaints/incidents, and demonstrates reflective practice. Professional and legal responsibilities covered in this module include the responsibilities of supervisors and trainees, health and safety legislation, equality and human rights legislation, and patient confidentiality. Aspects of safe working you will cover in this module include maintaining professional boundaries, safe and effective caseload management, and the management of adverse situations.
View the full module definitionThis is a learning outcome module, which consists of a series of lectures, exercises and practical demonstrations designed to introduce you to the theoretical and practical principles of ophthalmic dispensing. You need to carry out a series of practical exercises for formative assessment. The module will consider modern ophthalmic dispensing in UK ophthalmic/optometric practice. The content reinforces both ophthalmic lens and optics theory studied elsewhere and provides a foundation to the more advanced practical aspects of ophthalmic dispensing. You will be introduced to the concept of product knowledge and problem solving within a clinical setting. The module includes material of descriptive, practical and to a lesser extent, mathematical nature. The subjects covered include spectacle frame components and measurements, the description of spectacle frame materials, and facial measurements. It also includes neutralisation of spectacle lenses, lens description, use of the lens measure and basic prescription analysis. The knowledge and skills gained from this module will support, assist and provide you with the fundamental practical aspects of ophthalmic dispensing to be used within your workplace. This module is relevant to the work undertaken in practice.
The content of the module is constructed to provide a general and yet comprehensive knowledge of the principles of human anatomy and physiology. The module also examines the histology and gross structure of the human eye with an emphasis on the relationship between each structure and its function. This provides a basis for understanding the functional anatomy of the eye and visual physiology, as required by a dispensing optician. These are essential for effective communication to both the Optometrist and the patient in an accurate and authoritative manner.
Entering higher education is exciting; but it can also be a daunting experience. At ARU, we want all our students to make the most of the opportunities higher education provides, reach your potential, become lifelong learners and find fulfilling careers. However, we appreciate that the shift from secondary education, or a return to formal education is, in itself, quite a journey. This module is designed to ease that transition. You'll be enrolled on it as soon as you receive an offer from ARU so you can begin to learn about university life before your course starts. Through Into ARU, you'll explore a virtual land modelled around ARU values: Courage, Innovation, Community, Integrity, Responsibility, and Ambition. This innovative module is designed as a game, where you collect knowledge and complete mini tasks. You'll proceed at your own pace, though we you to have completed your Into ARU exploration by week 6. If for any reason you're unable to complete by that date, we'll signpost to existing services so that we can be confident that you are supported.
View the full module definitionYou will build upon the basic principles of ophthalmic lenses that you have previously studied. Discussion begins by focusing on thick lens theory and its impact on ray paths, magnification and surface powers. The determination of Prismatic effect and Decentration is extended to astigmatic single vision and bifocal lenses. Details including identification, fitting and design of all Single Vision and Multifocal lens types are discussed. The tinting of spectacle lenses is expanded upon from earlier modules and includes methods of tinting, tinted lens types and the clinical application of tints and filters. Eye protection in industry and sport is discussed with emphasis placed upon lens types, use, characteristics and availability. In this module you will gain a higher level knowledge and understanding of ophthalmic lenses that will allow you to apply theoretical principles to practical situations and to dispense complex prescriptions and special types of optical appliances within the workplace environment.
View the full module definitionThis module will cover aspects of the GOC learning outcomes required for registration as a dispensing optician. It will support the student dispensing optician working in an optometric practice under the supervision of a registered practitioner. The content is constructed to provide a comprehensive knowledge of the "optics" of the human eye, following on from the level 4 refractive management part 1. It consists of various "optical models" that have been proposed to define emmetropia, ametropia and astigmatism. The formation of the retinal image is discussed along with the practical applications of spectacle magnification. The module introduces to the components of a routine eye examination, including both objective and subjective methods of assessment. The effect of age on the human eye is discussed along with an overview of the detection and correction of presbyopia. This module also covers the principles and applications of ophthalmic instruments, the basis of visual perception and binocular vision. These are essential for effective communication to both the Optometrist and the patient in an accurate and authoritative manner.
Ruskin Modules are designed to prepare our students for a complex, challenging and changing future. These interdisciplinary modules provide the opportunity to further broaden your perspectives, develop your intellectual flexibility and creativity. You will work with others from different disciplines to enable you to reflect critically on the limitations of a single discipline to solve wider societal concerns. You will be supported to create meaningful connections across disciplines to apply new knowledge to tackle complex problems and key challenges. Ruskin Modules are designed to grow your confidence, seek and maximise opportunities to realise your potential to give you a distinctive edge and enhance your success in the workplace.
This module consists of a series of lectures, exercises and practical demonstrations designed to support you in your work-based learning. The module will consider modern ophthalmic dispensing practices. The content reinforces ophthalmic lens theory studied elsewhere and provides a link between theory and practice. You will develop the concept of product knowledge and problem solving within a clinical setting. The module includes preparation for the compilation of patient case records that provide details of a series of complete patient experiences. The subjects covered include spectacle frame fitting, paediatric dispensing, frame adjustment and repair, spectacle dispensing for single vision, bifocals, trifocals, PPLs including tinted lenses, and spectacle verification. Quality standards and prescription and task analysis are also studied. The knowledge and skills gained from this module will enable you to carry out a series of practical ophthalmic dispensing procedures within your workplace. The learning in this module takes into account the 2021 General Optical Council (GOC) Learning Outcomes for Dispensing Optician Registrants.
View the full module definitionThis module looks at the incidence and causes of low vision and their effects on vision. The term "low vision" is defined clinically and legally together with other related terms. Methods of assessment of the visual function are studied including the use of various testing charts for distance and near, and the effects of illumination, contrast and glare. The significance of the current refraction and methods of verification are explained. The significance of visual field loss is examined and the effects of pathological conditions on the visual field. The estimation and assessment of magnification values for all distances, and the supply of suitable optical and/or non-optical monocular and binocular appliances are discussed. The module develops an understanding of the need for multi- and inter-disciplinary approaches to the management and psychology of low vision, including arrangements for after-care and the engagement of social services, support groups, specialist trainers and teachers.
View the full module definitionThe content of the module is constructed to provide a general and yet comprehensive knowledge of ocular pathology and associated systemic diseases. This is essential for effective management as the sole Registrant on premises, and for communication with the Optometrist and the patient in an accurate and authoritative manner. Upon completion of this module, you will gain an understanding of the ocular presentations of system conditions and be able to refer symptomatic patients appropriately as the Registrant on premises when working in practice.
This module is designed to consider the more difficult lens problems and investigate the solutions using advanced calculations to justify the solution. Best form and free form lenses calculations will be studied, and you will be expected to use these to describe how the lens will be different from the norm and how this will benefit the patient. The monochromatic aberrations and the visual effects will be studied, and this will be integrated into the dispensing rationale. Finally, this module will consider the specialist paediatric dispensing and the differences in anatomical structure of the paediatric patent compared to an adult. Specialist frames will be discussed and the differences in the types of lens that are most suited to the younger patient. This module is relevant to the work undertaken in practice.
This module is designed for the trainee dispensing optician working in an ophthalmic/optical practice under the supervision of a registered practitioner. It is delivered in the mode of self-directed distance learning, with continuous online support. The module introduces you to types of commonly fitted contact lenses and the theoretical knowledge used by practitioners. Optical, physical and physiological considerations in lens selection is studied and explored, which is consolidated with practical lab sessions. These are undertaken in the dedicated contact lens clinic, using the latest innovative instrumentation relating to the selection and fitting of contact lenses. Contact lens material properties and their application for specific fitting and patient requirements is studied. Methods to assess the fitting characteristics of lenses on eye is explored - for soft and rigid lenses – and specific eye conditions linked to lens selection. The module concludes with an introduction to the fitting of astigmatic and multifocal contact lenses to give you an understanding of more complex fittings. Completion of this module provides a foundation for you to consider undertaking further study of the subject at a higher level. This module is relevant to the work you will undertake in practice.
View the full module definitionThis module is designed to comprehensively prepare you for working in practice and the real patient experience. This module is relevant to the work that you'll undertake in practice looking at the social, environmental, ethical, and financial aspects of dispensing. Staff management, progression, support, and practice structure will be explored along with legal and ethical aspects of practice management and small business principles. Fair recruitment policy will be identified to ensure you are able to identify protected characteristics and ensure equality and diversity principles are observed consistently. Safeguarding vulnerable individuals will be explored thoroughly, including how to identify a vulnerable patient or colleague and the appropriate procedures to follow where potential issues have been identified. Methods of obtaining consent and chaperone policies will be identified. The Opticians Act 1989 will be referenced thoroughly throughout this module with particular emphasis on duty of care and duty to refer. Patient handling and liaison techniques will be identified, discussed, and explored. Discussions workshops and syndicated group seminars will cover aspects of dispensing such as the ability to communicate and manage a patients care in a safe, ethical, and confidential environment with consistent reference to GDPR 2018. This will nurture the ability to keep clear accurate and contemporaneous patient records. Relevant health and safety and risk assessment practice will be scrutinised including infection control procedures. The General Optical Council Fitness to Practice procedure will be explored, including a patient’s right to complain, the investigation process, the possible outcomes of investigations, and the penalties that would be appropriate for different situations.
This is a learning outcome module, which consists of a series of case records encapsulating knowledge from modules across the course. Each one designed to assess your ability to research the relevant conditions, discuss and critically evaluate the various options available. A final recommendation for each must then be made with supporting rationale and a supporting management plan. These records will cover: Paediatric Safety Complex Low vision Referral A final VIVA examination will take place to assess the authenticity of the record, ensure a deeper level of understanding and ensure you meet the GOC Duty of Candour guidelines.
This module will cover all practical aspects/tasks/techniques that are essential for practicing as a dispensing optician. This module will teach and assess practical skills as follows: • Focimetry of SV, Bifocals, PPLs, OPPLs, freeform designs and aspherical designs • Repair, adjustment, and manipulation of spectacle frames • Measuring of a patient for a handmade frame and consider any facial abnormalities • Identification of specialist lenses • Identifications of frame materials and properties (historical and modern) • Paediatric Dispensing • Communication - taking a history and symptoms of a patient and then relaying the information as a lens solution • Special Optical Appliances • Safety Eyewear • Low vision appliances • Problem solving • Dispensing a PPL